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__**Introduction**__ The full effects of climate change are imminent and as it gets worse, we humans are at risk of dehydration, rising sea levels, increasing temperatures, viruses and diseases that are carried by vectors (i.e; mosquitoes, ticks), human skin infections (i.e; cancer) and human migration due to the effects of climate change. Human health is a high priority issue and as the effects of climate change increase, so does the priority of human health.

The effects of global warming include: the rise of sea levels, retreat of glaciers, shrinking of the arctic, rise in average global surface temperatures, altering of the timing of seasons, extreme weather conditions and the collapse of the thermohaline circulation system. These effects can affect human health immensely. It can affect human health by:
 * __What (type of change)__**

- Overworking the cardiovascular system. When we exercise, our body gets hotter and our heart rate increses.Global warming has the same effect except without doing the exercise. Hotter temperatures will lead to an increase of heart rate and respiratory problems. People already with cardiovascular problems are more susceptible to these effects because the warmer temepratures put more stress on the heart.

- Ozone The hotter temperatures will increase the ozone concentration at ground level. Ozone forms a surface above the earth and blocks out some of the sun's harmful UV rays, though it still counts as pollution. It can damage lung tissues when it is mixed with dust, smoke and chemical fumes - also known as 'smog'.

- Heat waves A heat wave is a period of three days or more at maximum temperature. Heat waves kill people, and if there are more heat waves, there will be more heat-related deaths. Heat is a far more powerful killer than cold. Heat has a death count of twice the amount of the cold death count.

- Spread of disease Disease-spreading insects can only live in warm temperatures. The insects will have a far more extended reach of where they can live due to rise in temperature. Regions that were originally not at risk of diseases like malaria and dengue fever are now at risk of these diseases. For example, Papua New Guinea has was always too cold for disease-spreading mosquitoes but is now more at risk of malaria because of the rise in temperature.

- Rising sea levels The rising water will sink many major cities like Tokyo and Shanghai because they are at sea level. Because of this, there will be climate refugees, people who have run away from their home country to avoid the effects of climate change. Although people can run away from the rising water, the infrastructure cannot. The main causes of rising sea levels are melting polar ice caps, melting glaciers and thermal expansion. Thermal expansion is when the water increases in size The glacier on top of the mountain has melted due to rising temperatures.

- The different areas that have changed since the 1970's are the glacial areas. The major changes of the glaciers are generally in New Zealand, some parts of America and Greenland. The minor changes to other glaciers are mostly in the northern hemisphere. Which shows that the southern hemisphere glaciers will stay constantly the same except for South America and New Zealand. - During the years 1989 and 2000, there has been evidence at Harvard that they have analysed wather that 6.5million people in 50 US cities was related to each others deaths. They have discovered that during two-day col snaps there was a 1.59% increase in death because of extreme temperature. "Our findings suggest that decreases in cold weather as a result of global warming are unlikely to result in decreases in cold-related mortality in the US. Heat-related mortality, in contrast, may increase, particularly if global warming is associated with increased variance of summer temperature" which was said by the Authors. There are many causes of climate change. The output of greenhouse gases is a major cause. The output of greenhouse gases is caused by us humans, when we burn fossil fuels, use electrical equipment and drive a vehicle. All of these activities are contributing to the build of greenhouse gases in the ozone layer. Deforestation is a cause of climate change and it is also caused by us humans. Cutting down trees decreases the amount of carbon dioxide being absorbed by plants. Cows are a contributing factor in the amount of greenhouse gases that emitted. When cows eat grass, it is thoroughly digested through the cow's many stomachs and it comes out as methane gas. The Sun can also be to blame for global warming. Several billion years ago, the sun only emitted 70% more power than what it emits today.
 * __Where__**
 * __When__**
 * __How / Why__**



Climate change can affect various things of the physical environment. Climate change can affect tectonic plate movement. The location of continents determines the pattern of ocean circulation. The ocean circulation system controls the temperature across the globe and if the circulation system is altered, the average global temperature will be altered too. Most people are used to their country's own average temperature, but if it is altered dramatically, these people will fail to cope with the sudden change in temperature. Climate change can also affect the Earth's orbit. If the Earth's orbit is changed even a slight amount, the timing of seasons will be altered and agriculture will be heavily affected.

Heat melts ice, so if the Earth is heating up, the temperature will soon be hot enough to melt the ice and glaciers on Earth - and has already started. The ice melts into water and then combines with the ocean, making the ocean rise. Low lying land will be submerged and people will have to move to higher ground. Most agricultural plants like warm weather. A mild change in temperature can improve vegetation, however when it gets to the point where it is too hot for the plant to handle, it will die. This will lead to vegetation stress, rapid plant loss and desertification in various regions of the world.

- Less frequent extreme low minimum temperatures.
 * __What (positi__****__ve an__****__d negative impact__****__s)__**
 * Positive impacts:**
 * -** Places that have a cold average temperature will experience warmer weather.

- Increase in diseases and infections. - Insects that carry diseases(i.e; malaria) spread across other regions. - Increase of Climate refugees. - Death of wildlife across the globe. - Decrease in production of crops. - Increase of polluted water. - Economy is affected. - More extreme weather conditions (i.e; tornadoes, tsunamis, earthquakes, storms) - The timing of the seasons is altered. - Collapse of the thermohaline circulation system. - Aquatic and land food chain is disrupted. - The most serious problems for the physical and human environments in the long term would the high rise of sea levels which will lead to less fresh water, which will lead to water contamination. After water contamination, there will be a higher risk of getting foreign diseases, which could lead to death. The positive aspects that may occur is that there will be more global communication with each other and become one to help each other get over this crisis, which will eventaully occur.
 * Negative impacts:**
 * -** More heatwaves which will cause deaths.
 * __Evaluate__**

- The possible effects if changes continue, the outcome would be devastating. The outcome would result in more diseases, deaths, difference in land and also less in fresh water supplies. These could possibly be the few reasons which will most likely be effected if change continues. Diseases that might take affect due to the changes are milleria, cold snaps, and other diseases that might appear due to time. Deaths would increase due to the extreme temperatures. Land would change in shape because of the rise in sea levels. The fresh water supplies will be in high demand and the suppliers might not be able to keep up with the demands, therefore making it harder to get fresh water.
 * __Conclusion (predict)__**

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